# 8.1

conversor <- function (dados)
	     {
 	     celsius = 5/9 * (dados - 32)
	     resulta <- data.frame (dados, celsius)
	     return (resulta) 
	     }

# 8.2

X <-as.vector ((rnorm (30,14,5)))
Y <-as.vector ((rnorm (30,9,3)))
Graficas <- function(X, Y)
{
  {
  if (length (X)!=length (Y))
  stop ("\n\t Os vectores no tem o mesmo tamnaho")
}
  x11()
  par(mfrow = c(3,2))
  par(bty="l.5", tcl=-0.3)
  hist(X, main="Histograma de Frequncias", xlab="Valores de X", ylab= "Frequncia", prob=T)
  lines(density(X),col="red")
  hist(Y, main="Histograma de Frequncias", xlab="Valores de Y", ylab= "Frequncia", prob=T)
  lines(density(Y),col="red")
  qqnorm(X,pch=16, col="black",main="Ajuste da Distribuo Normal",xlab="Valores de X", ylab= "Quantis da Mostra")
  qqline(X, col="red")
  qqnorm(Y, pch=16, col="black",main="Ajuste da Distribuo Normal", xlab="Valores de Y", ylab= "Quantis da Mostra")
  qqline(Y, col="red")
  boxplot(X,Y, main="Medidas de tendncia Central", ylab= "Valores das Variveis", xlab="Variveis", ylim=c(0,32))
  text (1, 30, "X", cex= 1.8)
  text (2, 30, "Y", cex= 1.8)
  plot(Y~X, pch=16, main= "Regreso linear", ylab="Varivel Y", xlab="Varivel X")
  lm.XY<-lm(Y~X)
  abline(lm.XY, col="red")
  coef<-coef(lm.XY)
  summary<-list (summary(X),summary(Y),coef)
  return(summary)
  par(mfrow=c(1,1))
  } 
Graficas (X,Y)

# 8.3

abundncia <- round ((runif (30,0,20)), digits=0)
shannon <- function (abundncia)
	     {
	     dados = na.omit (abundncia)
	     dados2= dados[dados>0]     
	     Pi = (dados2/ sum (dados2))
	     H = - (sum ((Pi)* (log (Pi))))
	     return (H)         
	     }
shannon (abundncia)


simpson <- function (abundncia)
	     {
	     dados = na.omit (abundncia)
	     dados2= dados[dados>0]     
	     Pi = (dados2)/ (sum (dados2))
	     D = sum (Pi^2)
	     return (D)     
	     }
simpson (abundncia)

mat <-  matrix (round (runif (50,0,20), digits=0), 10, 5)
mat
linhas <- c("Sp1", "Sp2", "Sp3", "Sp4", "Sp5", "Sp6", "Sp7", "Sp8", "Sp9", "Sp10")
colunas <- c("L1", "L2", "L3", "L4", "L5")
rownames (mat)<- paste (linhas)
colnames (mat)<- paste (colunas)
mat
diversidade <- function (mat, indices= c("shannon", "simpson"))
	     {		     
           if(indices=="shannon")
           {
           H <- apply(mat, MARGIN = 2, FUN = shannon)
           return(H)
           }
           else(indices=="simpson")
           {
           S <- apply(mat, MARGIN = 2, FUN = simpson)
           return(S)
           }
}
diversidade(mat, indices="shannon")
diversidade(mat, indices="simpson")

